4.2 The ECTS Grading Scale

Examination and assessment results are usually expressed in grades. There are many different grading systems in Europe. To help institutions interpret the grades awarded to ECTS students, the ECTS grading scale was developed by the institutions participating in the pilot scheme. The ECTS grade provides additional information on the student's performance to that provided by the institution's grade, but does not replace the local grade.

ECTS grades:

A excellent
B very good
C good
D satisfactory
E sufficient
F/FX fail